모듈라 군(modular group)

이 항목의 스프링노트 원문주소

 

 

개요

z\mapsto\frac{az+b}{cz+d}

들이 이루는 군 를 모듈라군이라 함.

 

 

 

생성원과 presentation

S: z\mapsto -1/z

T: z\mapsto z+1

 

 

fundamental domain

 

 

 

 

\operatorname{SL}(2,\mathbb{Z})의 Abelianization과 숫자 12

 

 

congruence 부분군

\Gamma(N) = \left\{ \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \in SL_2(\mathbf{Z}) : \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \equiv \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix} \pmod{N} \right\}

\Gamma_0(N) = \left\{ \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \in SL_2(\mathbf{Z}) : \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \equiv \begin{pmatrix} {*} & {*} \\ 0 & {*} \end{pmatrix} \pmod{N} \right\}

\Gamma_1(N) = \left\{ \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \in SL_2(\mathbf{Z}) : \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \equiv \begin{pmatrix} 1 & {*} \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix} \pmod{N} \right\}

 

\Gamma(2) = \left\{ \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \in SL_2(\mathbf{Z}) : \begin{pmatrix} a & b \\ c & d \end{pmatrix} \equiv \begin{pmatrix} 1 & 0 \\ 0 & 1 \end{pmatrix} \pmod{2} \right\}

 

\Gamma(2) 의 fundamental domain

 

 

2010년 국제수학자대회 로고

logo.jpg


The logo for ICM 2010 depicts the standard fundamental domain for the modular group SL(2,Z) acting on the upper half plane. The formula written along the circular arc is a famous conjecture of the Indian mathematician Srinivasa Ramanujan proved by Pierre Deligne in 1973. The quotation in Sanskrit at the bottom of the logo is from the Rig Veda an ancient Indian religious work dating back to more than 1000 years before the start of the Christian era. It translates as "May good ideas come to us from everywhere."

 

 

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